Algorithms for Asteroid/Comet Gravimetry via Laser Ranging and Camera Tracking During a Hypervelocity Spacecraft Flyby

This work will develop algorithms capable of gravimetry for small solar system bodies, such as asteroids and comets, during hypervelocity (i.e., >5 km/s) spacecraft flybys. The algorithms will estimate a small body’s gravitational parameter (GM) using laser ranging and camera tracking measurements by spacecraft instruments of retroreflectors deployed near the target during the high-speed flyby encounter. The primary deliverables are a software suite that demonstrates estimation of a small solar system body’s mass using simulated measurements and a report describing performance and applications for planetary defense and planetary science.

The anticipated benefits include:

1. Reduce a target’s mass uncertainty without requiring a rendezvous or low-speed flyby
2. Develop Monte-Python routines to assess target approach scenarios
3. Planetary Defense rapid reconnaissance concept exploration
4. Address actions within the National Near-Earth Object Preparedness Strategy and Action Plan
5. Explore a concept that has the possibility to assess potential Earth impacting threats

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