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Integrated acoustic technology for boil-off control, mass gauging, and structural health monitoring in cryogenic fuel tanks

Completed TRL 4 (started at 4, targeting 5)

Description

This Integrated Acoustic Technology for Boiloff Control, Mass Gauging, and Structural Health Monitoring in Cryogenic Fuel Tanks experiment combines three common mechanisms for monitoring and managing propellant using acoustic fields and ultrasound sensor networks. By combining three technologies that are typically used separately for boiloff control, mass gauging, and structural health monitoring of cryogenic fuel tanks, this innovation dramatically reduces the amount of necessary equipment. Flight tests will evaluate the three subsystems individually as well as their integrated functionality in microgravity.

Problem Statement 
Long-duration space exploration missions require efficient cryogenic propellant storage and management. An important part of maintaining this efficiency is mitigating environmental effects on the propellant state and tank structure, which includes addressing challenges such as boiloff, accurate fluid gauging, and structural damage.

Technology Maturation
Acoustic technology is a proven, highly effective tool for propellant monitoring and management. This flight test will mature each of the three technologiesfor boiloff control, mass gauging, and structural health monitoring independently, which will in turn serve to advance their integrated functionality. The system is expected to reach a TRL of 5.

Benefits

This technology would significantly reduce propellant management costs by combining three critical components for boiloff control, mass gauging, and structural health monitoring into one system. Such a comprehensive system provides a more robust and more accurate means of controlling cryogenic fluid which is crucial for mission longevity and sustainability. This would benefit NASA missions, the commercial space industry, and other government agencies.

Future Customers
•NASA and commercial space exploration missions
•Design of cryogenic fuel management systems

Details

Technology areaPropulsion Systems > Chemical Space Propulsion > Cryogenic Propulsion
ProgramFlight Opportunities (FO)
Lead organizationStanford University Mechanical Engineering, Stanford, CA
Start date2021-06-01
End date2025-08-31

Project contacts

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How to get involved

This is early/mid-stage (TRL 4) — the most realistic path in is NASA SBIR/STTR, which funds small businesses and research institutions to develop technology aligned with NASA's needs (equity-free, phased funding). Check whether a current SBIR/STTR solicitation topic overlaps with this project's technology area, or contact the project directly (above) to ask.

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