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Investigation of Gravity Effects on Electrically Driven Liquid Film Boiling: A sub-orbital Re-usable Launch Vehicle Experiment in preparation of ISS Flight Experiment

Completed TRL 6 (started at 5, targeting 6)

Description

Electrically Driven Liquid Thin Film Boiling phenomena employs two components of the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) force generated by the application of a direct current electric field to a dielectric fluid. This technique enhances two phase heat transfer by providing a constant liquid working fluid source (thus alleviating dry out) through EHD conduction pumping and enhancing vapor departure via the dielectrophoretic force. This suborbital flight test will acquire experimental heat transfer data and confirm the engineering design of critical subsystems of a to-be-launched International Space Station EHD experiment.

Problem Statement 

The most advanced thermal solutions in practice are remote cooling schemes which employ liquid pumps or vapor compressors to pump the working fluid throughout the closed thermal management loop. The application of electric fields to two phase flow permits control of the liquid and vapor phases in a range of gravity fields. Electrically driven liquid film boiling phenomena will lead to a gravity independent, embedded hardware approach which will result in higher temperature heat acquisition, lower mass, size and pumping power consumption than the techniques currently used.

Technology Maturation 

The prototype hardware successfully completed a parabolic aircrat flight campaign (T0208) so is currently at TRL-5. The suborbital flight will provide minutes of micro-gravity environment firmly establishing thermal, electrical and hydrodynamic steady state raising the overall TRL to TRL-6: System Adequacy Validated in Simulated Environment. 

Summary of September 18, 2025 Flight Test 
A novel two-phase heat transport device driven by dielectrophoretic mechanism was flown aboard Blue Origin Shepard rocket. The main objectives of this experiment were as follows, 
1. Provide fundamental understanding of dielectrophoretically enhanced iquid film flow boiling in zero-gravity and multi-gravity settings. 
2. Provide phenomenological foundation for the development of electric field based two-phase thermal management systems leveraging EHD engineering advantages to develop systems of arbitrary mass flow requirements and geometries.

Benefits

• Improved performance: Uses two electrohydrodynamic force components to enhance two-phase heat acquisition
• Efficient: Is lighter in weight and consumes less power than other approaches
• Flexible: Works in varying gravity vectors

Future Customers
Embedded thermal management devices based upon the results of the proposed variable gravity and ISS flight experiments will reduce the thermal resistance which can be used to meet a variety of NASA and DoD identified needs.

Details

Technology areaThermal Management Systems > Thermal Control Components and Systems > V&V of Thermal Management Systems
ProgramFlight Opportunities (FO)
Lead organizationGoddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD
Start date2020-06-01
End date2026-02-28

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