An RFID-Enabled Sensor Interface for the EV Modular Instrumentation System

Development of a passive radio-frequency identification (RFID) communication module, compliant with the EPCglobal class1, generation 2 air-interface standard, that can be interfaced easily with a variety of sensors via the EV Modular Instrumentation System (MIS). This capability will substantially increase the lifetime of a battery-powered MIS sensor node. The long-term goal is a small, completely passive RFID module with a plug-and- play, delay-tolerant network (DTN)-like sensor interface. A prototype design will be fabricated as an MIS hardware module and tested to determine power requirements, expected battery lifetimes, and preferred data acquisition and operational strategies for a variety of sensing modalities. The goal of this project is development of a passive radio-frequency identification (RFID) communication module, compliant with the EPC global class1, generation 2 air-interface standard, that can be interfaced easily with arbitrary sensors via the EV Modular Instrumentation System (MIS) hardware. Since RFID communication operates entirely using power transmitted from an RFID interrogator, this will give MIS the capability to transmit sensor data "for free". Hence, the MIS power supply will be responsible only for data acquisition, which will substantially increase the lifetime of a battery-powered MIS node. For sufficiently low power sensors, it may be possible to power both communication and sensing using RF energy harvested from the interrogator (or through the addition of a second harvested source, such as solar). The RFID tags developed under this effort can be interrogated by any EPC global-compliant reader, such as the hand-held readers on ISS or future robotic free-flyers equipped with standard readers. Exploration vehicle structural monitoring (strain, vibration, etc.) and environmental monitoring (CO2, O2, etc.) are targeted as initial applications. The long-term goal is a small, completely passive RFID module with a plug-and-play, delay-tolerant network (DTN)-like sensor interface. The major goals accomplished under this project are: •A prototype open-source RFID communication module was designed, fabricated, and successfully tested by a senior design group at Rice University. •A COTS device with the desired functionality was identified, acquired, tested, and successfully interfaced with MIS hardware at JSC.

The project has demonstrated a capability for extremely long-lived RFID add-on sensors suitable for interrogation by robotic readers. Ultimately, development of a very small, completely passive RFID module with a plug-and-play, DTN-like sensor interface is anticipated. The identified COTS device has been infused into the Avionic Systems Division Integrated Power, Avionics, and Software (iPAS) testbed for further development and testing under the Advanced Exploration System (AES) Avionics Architecture for Exploration (AAE) project.

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