Distributed Optical Nerves for Rocket Propulsion Ground Testing

In response to NASA’s requirements for improved measurement and analysis techniques for propulsion system performance characteristics for rocket propulsion systems, IFOS is developing a scalable, wirelessly networked, photonic instrumentation solution for measurement of flight-induced flexure. IFOS’ solution leverages the latest advances in multicore fibers (MCF) and highly confined Brillouin sensing for localized strain to provide real-time shape-sensing capabilities for infrastructure related to ground testing of propulsion systems. IFOS’ sensors will address NASA’s need for instrumenting inaccessible measurement locations on rocket propulsion test structures. The concept of operations includes both wireless sensor network operation and fiber-connected networking where cybersecurity and/or EMI/RFI are a concern. In Phase I, IFOS and Northwestern University will demonstrate concept feasibility of the innovative sensing network concept. In Phase II, a hybrid sensor will be developed, integrating shape sensing with temperature and axial strain monitoring capabilities. Also in Phase II, afield demonstration will occur with rocket propulsion system prime integrator. IFOS will leverage synergistic work on self-healing networks, built-in test, and distributed in-fiber Brillouin sensing. The concept can later be extended to monitoring of in-flight systems, wind energy generation infrastructure, or instrumenting inaccessible measurement locations.

This innovation meets NASA’s requirements for improved measurement and analysis techniques for propulsion system performance characteristics for rocket propulsion systems. The technology can also be used to provide information to safely expand the flight and test envelopes of rocket vehicles and components.

Markets that stand to benefit are in the commercial and defence aviation sector, where such sensors can be embedded in aerospace structures to monitor health. Another sector that can benefit from this innovation is the wind turbine industry to monitor the flexure of the turbine blades.

This is early/mid-stage (TRL 4) — the most realistic path in is NASA SBIR/STTR, which funds small businesses and research institutions to develop technology aligned with NASA's needs (equity-free, phased funding). Check whether a current SBIR/STTR solicitation topic overlaps with this project's technology area, or contact the project directly (above) to ask.

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