Thermoplastic based carbon fiber structural batteries for space technologies

Space missions, particularly those targeted towards the Moon and Mars, require innovative solutions to address the challenges of limited resources, weight restrictions, and extended mission durations. Among these challenges, energy storage stands out as a critical factor, as conventional battery systems add significant mass and volume to spacecraft. This proposal aims to explore the utilization of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (CFRT) composite structural batteries for repurposable space applications, offering a multifunctional solution that integrates structural integrity with energy storage capabilities. The proposed structural battery panels integrate energy storage functionality into the structural components of the spacecraft, thereby minimizing the additional space required for electrical storage while maximizing the available volume for payload. The structural battery panels used for the space vehicle can be repurposed after landing since the thermoplastic-based structural panels can be reshaped to build habitat frames without affecting the battery structure. If necessary, flexible solar cells can be integrated into the composite for energy harvesting. Small heating elements can also be integrated into the composite so that the stored battery power can be used to heat and repurpose the composite to the required shape.

The integration of repurposable thermoplastic structural batteries represents a groundbreaking advancement in spacecraft design, promising significant reductions in mass and enhanced performance compared to traditional materials. By incorporating batteries as integral structural elements, the need for certain load-bearing parts is eliminated, allowing mass or volume components designated for load-bearing purposes to be repurposed for other functions. Prototypes utilizing these composites have demonstrated the potential to free up to 30% of the mass of aluminum frames in small spacecraft, leading to improved overall performance and making electric flights more attainable by reducing battery weight and enhancing frame structures. The adoption of repurposable thermoplastic structural batteries expands the scope of applications within the space industry, particularly in small spacecraft such as CubeSats. These spacecraft are increasingly utilized for various scientific, technological, and commercial purposes such as Earth observation, telecommunications, broadcasting networks, and climate research projects. The lightweight and versatile nature of thermoplastic composites makes them well-suited for these applications, offering cost-effective solutions for deploying satellite constellations and advancing space exploration efforts. The integration of repurposable thermoplastic structural batteries has the potential to revolutionize space exploration efforts conducted by NASA and private companies. By leveraging the strength, durability, and long charge-discharge cycles of these composites, small spacecraft can be made more resilient and efficient, leading to advancements in Earth observation, scientific research, and commercial space ventures. The projected growth of the Earth orbital domain into a multi-billion dollar industry underscores the significance of adopting innovative technologies like thermoplastic structural batteries to meet future demands. Innovations in battery technology have spurred a revolution across industries, enabling the development of novel solutions that integrate energy storage capabilities into structural components. While structural batteries were originally conceived for space exploration endeavors, their adaptation for non-space applications has opened up a world of possibilities. The automotive industry stands at the forefront of adopting structural batteries to enhance the performance and efficiency of electric vehicles (EVs). By seamlessly integrating energy storage into the vehicle's chassis and body panels, structural batteries contribute to weight reduction and space optimization. This results in improved energy efficiency, extended driving range, and enhanced overall performance. Automakers are actively exploring the incorporation of structural batteries into their EV designs, heralding a new era of sustainable transportation. The integration of structural batteries into consumer electronics is revolutionizing the design and functionality of portable devices. By embedding energy storage capabilities into structural components such as smartphone casings and laptop frames, manufacturers can create thinner, lighter, and more aesthetically pleasing devices. Structural batteries also facilitate the development of flexible and wearable electronics, expanding the realm of possibilities for smart textiles and wearable technology. As consumers demand more portable and durable devices, structural batteries offer a compelling solution to meet these evolving needs. Structural batteries play a pivotal role in the integration of energy storage systems with renewable energy infrastructure. By incorporating energy storage capabilities into building materials such as walls and roofs, structural batteries enable the creation of self-sustaining and energy-efficient structures. These integrated energy storage systems can store excess energy generated from renewable sources such as solar panels or

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