Optimizing heterogeneous nanostructured materials for space applications

In the past decade, extensive research has focused on developing advanced engineering materials to meet the needs of cutting-edge technologies. One common challenge has been finding a balance between strength and ductility in materials. Scientists have turned to heterogeneously structured or nonuniform materials to optimize both, including gradient nanostructured metallic materials (GNs). Various methods have been explored to synthesize these, but they often lack the ability to precisely tailor unique microstructural and compositional gradients and limit material selection. Magnetron sputtering (MS) stands out as a versatile technique for creating GNs overcoming these limitations. Post-sputtering heat treatment (HT) can further enhance these materials' complexity and properties. Despite numerous GN synthesis methods, a knowledge gap exists in understanding the link between processing and microstructure. This project aims to explore this relationship for GNs produced through MS + HT. Binary and tertiary alloys with compositional and microstructural gradients will be used to understand how altering processing parameters affects complex microstructures and properties. In the aerospace sector, there's a growing need for high-strength, lightweight materials that can endure high temperatures. This project aligns with NASA's interest in lightweight composite spacecraft materials. It aims to develop materials with customizable properties, offering new design possibilities. This project could expedite the creation of sustainable materials suitable for various applications, including high-temperature space technologies. Previous NASA studies have shown the effectiveness of MS techniques in synthesizing silicon-based materials for electronic and optical applications. This highlights the potential for efficiently tailoring material properties by understanding the processing-microstructure relationship. For high-temperature and high-strength applications, titanium-based heat-resistant alloys are excellent candidates for evaluation in various spacecraft components. By using MS techniques, we can efficiently create these materials and address critical knowledge gaps. This approach promises to provide strong, durable, lightweight, and sustainable materials, enabling more efficient applications in space technology.

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