A Low G Ideal Integrating Bolometer, Year 1

We propose to develop a novel detector to enable a new class of far-IR spectroscopic surveys. Achievable sensitivity for these devices is roughly 2 orders of magnitude better than current devices. By reducing detection times by a factor of 10 000, the IIB enables rapid surveys of cosmological volumes to leapfrog the performance of planned missions. Developments in far-infrared spectroscopy promise to open a new window to the early Universe. Atomic lines in the far-IR are the dominant cooling mechanism for the interstellar medium. A significant fraction of the total bolometric luminosity of a typical star-forming galaxy is emitted in these lines, allowing observations at cosmological distances. The frequency range 300 GHz to 3 THz probes the fine structure lines from important chemical species (C, O, N) at redshifts z < 6, providing a critical test of galaxy assembly and formation to trace star formation activity across cosmic time scales. Detecting these lines from more than a handful of sources requires dramatic improvements in sensitivity. Detecting individual lines while avoiding confusion or line blending requires detector sensitivity below 10‑19 W Hz-1/2 and spectroscopic resolution lambda/delta lambda > 1000. Even at these levels, detections will take hours or days of integration for a single beam spot on the sky, severely limiting the possibilities for cosmological surveys. The proposed Ideal Integrating Bolometer (IIB) is able to achieve dramatic improvement in sensitivity because it has two time constants: an extremely long time constant over which signal is collected, and a very short one that allows rapid reset. A non-dissipative device reads out temperature. Without thermometer dissipation, temperature rise is due only to absorbed optical power. Thus, temperature rise over the period between resets is proportional to the integrated photon flux. The off state conductance can be made very small, limited only by the achievable on/off ratio of the switch, greatly enhancing the sensitivity. Signal loss due to a cosmic ray hit is limited to the reset period.

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