ODIN - Optomechanical-Distributed instrument for Inertial sensing and Navigation (ODIN)

We propose a technology demonstration space mission to validate ODIN, a novel optomechanical-distributed inertial sensing and navigation system. ODIN is an instrument of low cost, size, weight, and power (CSWaP), capable of providing linear acceleration and angular measurements at levels of 10^-9 ms^-2/√Hz and 50 μrad/√Hz, respectively, which are relevant for mass change. Inspired by our ongoing IIP project, ODIN utilizes in-plane dual-accelerometer systems and deploys six compact sub-assemblies across a 12U-CubeSat spacecraft. Accelerometry has become crucial for monitoring mass change within the Earth system. The 2018 Decadal Survey report highlighted mass change as a top priority and recommended continuity with the existing record. Optomechanical accelerometers have lower CSWaP than electrostatic ones and also offer a cost-effective alternative with performances on par with GRACE. Reduced CSWaP makes optomechanical accelerometers like ODIN suitable for enhancing mission reliability as redundant instruments, crucial in mass change missions where redundancy is lacking, such as in GRACE follow-on and the planned Mass Change mission. Moreover, incorporating ODIN for redundancy would also improve science data quality during accelerometer transplant periods, addressing issues seen in missions like GRACE and GRACE Follow-On. Further, the CSWaP advantages of optomechanical accelerometers enable cost-effective mission designs, spacecraft miniaturization, and simplified architectures. This leads to cost savings, expedites spacecraft design, and reduces latency in mission preparation, aligning with the Decadal survey's continuity and risk reduction priorities. ODIN's CSWaP also allows for constellations of satellite pairs flying at lower altitudes, enhancing gravitational field sensitivity and ensuring continuity in mass change observations. We determine ODIN to be at an entry TRL-5 due to the fact that is based on completed technology that has been assembled and tested in a relevant environment. By the end of the mission upon operations in space, we expect ODIN to reach an exit TRL-7 by verifying its performance in space. In summary, ODIN represents an innovative approach to inertial sensing and navigation, with the potential to address key challenges in mass change observations while offering cost-effective mission solutions and improved data quality.

Increase scientific understanding of natural phenomena using remote sensing.

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