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Completed TRL 4 (started at 3, targeting 4)
This task will perform the highest-fidelity simulations to date of finite-size particles in high-speed jets, and will focus on validating the numerical predictions with experimental data by partnering with MFSC. Model uncertainty will be quantified based on dedicated validation experiments in new Mach number/particle regimes.
Current models are unable to accurately predict the environment that a spacecraft is exposed to during a powered descent landing event. The effects of plume/surface interactions become more severe as landed mass increases. Validated predictive modeling capabilities will be required to land larger payloads (>M2020 mass, i.e., human-class) NASA missions. This work involves a direct comparison between numerical and experimental results to quantitatively determine accuracy of physical models used in simulations of spacecraft landing on a body using powered descent, such a the Moon, Mars, or other solar system bodies. Current existing modeling tools show qualitative agreement, but InSight predictions did not match observed cratering. There is a need for validated modeling tools for future, larger landed missions. This work leverages state-of-the-art academic codes by partnering with the University of Michigan.
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